Spiraea douglasii

Regional Distribution in the Western United States

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

1 Northern Pacific Border
2 Cascade Mountains
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
8 Northern Rocky Mountains

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Occurrence in North America

AK CA ID MT OR WA BC

Source:

License:

Missouri Botanical Garden

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Spiraea douglasii Hook.:
China (Asia)
United States (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville.
Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Source:

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

National Distribution

Canada

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

Source:

License:

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

Global Range: Southeast Alaska to California and Idaho.

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

Morphology

Description

More info for the terms: adventitious, shrub

Douglas' spirea is a rhizomatous, deciduous shrub with erect, spreading
stems 3 to 6 feet (1-1.8 m) tall [17,35,40]. Leaves are 1 to 4 inches
(3-10 cm) long [20,35]. Seeds are 0.08 inch (2 mm) long [40].
Douglas'spirea forms adventitious roots after burial [1].

References:

20. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p. [21992]
40. Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1905 p. [6155]
1. Antos, Joseph A.; Zobel, Donald B. 1985. Plant form, developmental plasticity and survival following burial by volcanic tephra. Canadian Journal of Botany. 63: 2083-2090. [12553]
17. Hansen, Paul L.; Chadde, Steve W.; Pfister, Robert D. 1988. Riparian dominance types of Montana. Misc. Publ. No. 49. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 411 p. [5660]
35. Lackschewitz, Klaus. 1991. Vascular plants of west-central Montana--identification guidebook. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-227. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 648 p. [13798]

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Habitat

Habitat characteristics

Douglas' spirea occurs in riparian areas including wet meadows,
floodplains, terraces, bogs, swamps, and along streams, rivers, lakes,
springs, and ponds [4,12,17,23,24].

Douglas' spirea grows best on moist to semiwet soils with good drainage
[20,28,29,32,35]. It grows best on loam and sandy loam soils, but
occurs on silty clay, clay loam, and gravelly substrates as well
[17,19,23,29,42]. Douglas' spirea is tolerant of permanently
water-logged soils (peat) and widely fluctuating water tables [23,28].

Elevations for Douglas' spirea are as follows:

feet meters

California 4,620-6,435 1,400-1,950 [20,46]
Montana 3,760-6,700 1,147-2,044 [4,35]
Oregon 2,200-5,800 660-1,740 [29]
Washington 2,500-5,000 750-1,500 [19]

References:

12. Franklin, Jerry F.; Dyrness, C. T. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 417 p. [961]
24. Hulten, Eric. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1008 p. [13403]
20. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p. [21992]
28. Klinka, K.; Krajina, V. J.; Ceska, A.; Scagel, A. M. 1989. Indicator plants of coastal British Columbia. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press. 288 p. [10703]
4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
17. Hansen, Paul L.; Chadde, Steve W.; Pfister, Robert D. 1988. Riparian dominance types of Montana. Misc. Publ. No. 49. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 411 p. [5660]
19. Hemstrom, Miles A.; Logan, Sheila E.; Pavlat, Warren. 1987. Plant association and management guide: Willamette National Forest. R6-Ecol 257-B-86. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 312 p. [13402]
23. Holland, Robert F. 1986. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Fish and Game. 156 p. [12756]
29. Kovalchik, Bernard L. 1987. Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema National Forests. R6 ECOL TP-279-87. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 171 p. [9632]
32. Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Hopkins, William E.; Brunsfeld, Steven J. 1988. Major indicator shrubs and herbs in riparian zones on National Forests of central Oregon. R6-ECOL-TP-005-88. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 159 p. [8995]
35. Lackschewitz, Klaus. 1991. Vascular plants of west-central Montana--identification guidebook. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-227. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 648 p. [13798]
42. Rabe, Fred W.; Elzinga, Caryl; Breckenridge, Roy. 1994. Classification of meandering glide and spring stream natural areas in Idaho. Natural Areas Journal. 14(3): 188-202. [23961]
46. Sawyer, John O.; Thornburgh, Dale A. 1977. Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Klamath Mountains. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley & Sons: 699-732. [685]

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Key Plant Community Associations

More info for the terms: association, bog, fern, marsh, natural, shrub

Douglas' spirea occurs mainly in riparian habitats such as swamps, mud
flats, shrub carrs, marshes, bogs, and along streams [8,17,18,23,44].

In British Columbia Douglas' spirea is found in rush (Juncus spp.)-sedge
(Carex spp.)-quillwort (Isoetes spp.) and shrub carr community types
[8,18]. Common associates include Rocky Mountain maple (Acer glabrum),
Sitka willow (Salix sitchensis), salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis), salal
(Gaultheria shallon), sweet gale (Myrica gale), and bog rush (Juncus
effusus) [2,28].

In Washington a Douglas' spirea-bog blueberry (Vaccinium
uliginosum)/sedge community type is described. Common associates
include swordleaf rush (Juncus ensifolius), blister sedge (Carex
vesicaria), Sitka sedge (C. sitchensis), slough sedge (C. obnupta),
common willowweed (Epilobium glandulosum), and kneeling angelica
(Angelica genuflexa) [19]. Douglas' spirea is also a member of a field
horsetail (Equisetum arvense)-skunkcabbage (Veratrum californicum) swamp
association. Associates include Sitka alder (Alnus viridis ssp.
sinuata), black twinberry (Lonicera involucrata), and red-osier dogwood
(Cornus sericea) [16].

Associates of Douglas' spirea in Washington and Oregon forest commuities
include dwarf huckleberry (Vaccinium caespitosum), blue wildrye (Elymus
glaucus), deer fern (Blechnum spicant), bracken fern (Pteridium
aquilinum), western yarrow (Achillea millefolium), widefruit sedge
(Carex eurycarpa), Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii), and bristly black currant
(Ribes lacustre) [12,29,30].

In California Douglas' spirea occurs in sphagnum bog, north coast
riparian scrub, and freshwater marsh communities [23,44]. Common
associates include bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), Pacific wax-myrtle
(Myrica californica), Hooker willow (Salix hookeriana), Hinds willow (S.
hindsiana), sedge (Carex spp.), bear sedge (C. arcta), round-leaved
sundew (Drosera rotundifolia), and coast Labrador tea (Ledum glandulosum
var. columbiana) [23,44].

In eastern Idaho and western Montana, Douglas' spirea is dominant in
herbaceous wetland communities [41,42]. In Montana a Douglas' spirea
community type has been described [4,17]. Douglas' spirea is dominant
in a thinleaf alder community type [4]. Common associates in Montana
include Booth willow (Salix boothii), Geyer willow (S. geyeriana),
Wood's rose, western polemonium (Polemonium occidentale), beaked sedge
(Carex rostrata), inflated sedge (C. vesicaria), reed canarygrass
(Phalaris arundinacea), and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
[4,17].

The following publications list Douglas' spirea as a community dominant:

Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in
northwestern Montana [4]
Riparian dominance types of Montana [17]
Plant association and management guide: Willamette National Forest [19]
Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema
National Forests [29]
Classification of aquatic and semiaquatic wetland natural areas in Idaho
and western Montana [41]
Management of riparian vegetation in the northcoast region of
California's coastal zone [44]

References:

12. Franklin, Jerry F.; Dyrness, C. T. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 417 p. [961]
28. Klinka, K.; Krajina, V. J.; Ceska, A.; Scagel, A. M. 1989. Indicator plants of coastal British Columbia. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press. 288 p. [10703]
4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
2. Banner, Allen; Pojar, Jim; Trowbridge, Rick; Hamilton, Anthony. 1986. Grizzly bear habitat in the Kimsquit River Valley, coastal British Columbia: classification, description, and mapping. In: Contreras, Glen P.; Evans, Keith E., compilers. Proceedings--grizzly bear habitat symposium; 1985 April 30 - May 2; Missoula, MT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-207. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 36-49. [10810]
8. Cowan, Ian McTaggart. 1945. The ecological relationships of the food of the Columbian black-tailed deer, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus (Richardson), in the c. forest region southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Ecological Monographs. 15(2): 110-139. [16006]
16. Miller, Richard E.; Fowler, Norma L. 1994. Life history variation and local adaptation within two populations of Bouteloua rigidiseta (Texas grama). Journal of Ecology. 82: 855-864. [24502]
17. Hansen, Paul L.; Chadde, Steve W.; Pfister, Robert D. 1988. Riparian dominance types of Montana. Misc. Publ. No. 49. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 411 p. [5660]
19. Hemstrom, Miles A.; Logan, Sheila E.; Pavlat, Warren. 1987. Plant association and management guide: Willamette National Forest. R6-Ecol 257-B-86. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 312 p. [13402]
23. Holland, Robert F. 1986. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Fish and Game. 156 p. [12756]
29. Kovalchik, Bernard L. 1987. Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema National Forests. R6 ECOL TP-279-87. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 171 p. [9632]
30. Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Chitwood, Lawrence A. 1990. Use of geomorphology in the classification of riparian plant associations in mountainous landscapes of central Oregon, U.S.A. Forest Ecology and Management. 33/34: 405-418. [6830]
41. Rabe, Fred W.; Chadde, Steve W. 1994. Classification of aquatic and semiaquatic wetland natural areas in Idaho and western Montana. Natural Areas Journal. 14(3): 175-187. [23962]
42. Rabe, Fred W.; Elzinga, Caryl; Breckenridge, Roy. 1994. Classification of meandering glide and spring stream natural areas in Idaho. Natural Areas Journal. 14(3): 188-202. [23961]
44. Ray, Dan; Woodroof, Wayne; Roberts, R. Chad. 1984. Management of riparian vegetation in the northcoast region of California's coastal zone. In: Warner, Richard E.; Hendrix, Kathleen M., eds. California riparian systems: Ecology, conservation, and productive management: Proceedings of a conference; 1981 September 17-19; Davis, CA. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press: 660-672. [5867]
18. Harcombe, Andrew; Pendergast, Bruce; Petch, Bruce; Janz, Doug. 1983. Elk Habitat management: Salmon River Valley. MOE Working Report 1. 83-05-10. Victoria, BC: Ministry of the Environment. 83 p. [9984]

Source:

License:

Habitat: Plant Associations

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the term: shrub

K001 Spruce-cedar-hemlock forest
K002 Cedar-hemlock-Douglas-fir forest
K003 Silver fir-Douglas-fir forest
K004 Fir-hemlock forest
K005 Mixed conifer forest
K006 Redwood forest
K007 Red fir forest
K010 Ponderosa shrub forest
K011 Western ponderosa forest
K012 Douglas-fir forest
K013 Cedar-hemlock-pine forest
K025 Alder-ash forest
K026 Oregon oakwoods
K028 Mosaic of K002 and K026

Source:

License:

Habitat: Ecosystem

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES22 Western white pine
FRES23 Fir-spruce
FRES24 Hemlock-Sitka spruce
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES27 Redwood
FRES28 Western hardwoods

Source:

License:

Habitat: Rangeland Cover Types

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

This species is known to occur in association with the following Rangeland Cover Types (as classified by the Society for Range Management, SRM):

203 Riparian woodland
422 Riparian

Source:

License:

Habitat: Cover Types

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

205 Mountain hemlock
206 Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir
207 Red fir
210 Interior Douglas-fir
211 White fir
215 Western white pine
217 Aspen
218 Lodgepole pine
221 Red alder
222 Black cottonwood-willow
223 Sitka spruce
224 Western hemlock
225 Western hemlock-Sitka spruce
226 Coastal true fir-hemlock
227 Western redcedar-western hemlock
228 Western redcedar
229 Pacific Douglas-fir
230 Douglas-fir-western hemlock
232 Redwood
233 Oregon white oak
237 Interior ponderosa pine

Source:

License:

Comments: Moist soil at edge of water bodies wet meadows, and bogs.

Source:

License:

BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK)

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

Associations

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
Podosphaera clandestina parasitises Spiraea douglasii

Source:

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

BioImages

General Ecology

Plant Response to Fire

More info for the terms: density, relative density

The literature contains few reports describing Douglas' spirea after
fire. Because of its sprouting ability, it probably survives most
fires. In central British Columbia Douglas' spirea was present with
shinyleaf spirea (Spiraea betulifolia var. lucida) in seral Engelmann
spruce (Picea engelmannii)-fir (Abies spp.) stands. Relative density of
the Spiraea spp. in plots 4 to 22 years after fire was 4 percent; in
plots 37 to 75 years after fire, it was 9 percent [13]. In British
Columbia McMinn [38] studied a site in a western hemlock/Sitka spruce
forest burned in 1861 and again in 1931. By 1948 Douglas' spirea had
formed dense thickets with salmonberry and thimbleberry.

References:

13. Garman, E. H. 1929. Natural reproduction following fires in central British Columbia. Forestry Chronicle. 5: 28-44. [20224]
38. McMinn, Robert G. 1951. The vegetation of a burn near Blaney Lake, British Columbia. Ecology. 32(1): 135-140. [16498]

Source:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Post-fire Regeneration

More info for the terms: rhizome, root crown, shrub

Small shrub, adventitious-bud root crown
Rhizomatous shrub, rhizome in soil

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Fire Ecology

More info for the term: association

Douglas' spirea is moderately resistant to fire [32] and sprouts readily
from the stem base and rhizomes after fire [4,17,29,32]. In
presettlement times, wildfires were "probably common" in Douglas' spirea
communities of riparian areas in Montana and Oregon; soils were usually
dry by mid-summer, allowing fires from adjacent uplands to encroach upon
the stand [17,29]. Fires were probably infrequent in the thinleaf
alder-Douglas' spirea association in Oregon [29].

References:

4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
17. Hansen, Paul L.; Chadde, Steve W.; Pfister, Robert D. 1988. Riparian dominance types of Montana. Misc. Publ. No. 49. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 411 p. [5660]
29. Kovalchik, Bernard L. 1987. Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema National Forests. R6 ECOL TP-279-87. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 171 p. [9632]
32. Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Hopkins, William E.; Brunsfeld, Steven J. 1988. Major indicator shrubs and herbs in riparian zones on National Forests of central Oregon. R6-ECOL-TP-005-88. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 159 p. [8995]

Source:

License:

Successional Status

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

More info for the term: mesic

Douglas' spirea occurs mostly in seral communities [2,4,7,27,37]. It is
generally shade intolerant [28], but horticultural specimens have been
described as shade tolerant [11,20]. In British Columbia Douglas'
spirea is a pioneer species in disclimax communities maintained by
avalanches [2]. In southwestern British Columbia and northwestern
Washington, Douglas' spirea is a pioneer species on clearcut sites
[27,37]. In northwestern Montana a Douglas' spirea community type may
be seral to an as yet undefined thinleaf alder/Douglas' spirea habitat
type [4].

Douglas' spirea often forms dense impenetrable thickets in riparian
areas [4]. In Washington Douglas' spirea usually occurs in mosaics with
other hydric and mesic non-forest species in riparian forest openings
[19].

References:

20. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p. [21992]
28. Klinka, K.; Krajina, V. J.; Ceska, A.; Scagel, A. M. 1989. Indicator plants of coastal British Columbia. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press. 288 p. [10703]
4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
2. Banner, Allen; Pojar, Jim; Trowbridge, Rick; Hamilton, Anthony. 1986. Grizzly bear habitat in the Kimsquit River Valley, coastal British Columbia: classification, description, and mapping. In: Contreras, Glen P.; Evans, Keith E., compilers. Proceedings--grizzly bear habitat symposium; 1985 April 30 - May 2; Missoula, MT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-207. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 36-49. [10810]
7. Cates, Rex G.; Orians, Gordon H. 1975. Successional status and the palatability of plants to generalized herbivores. Ecology. 56: 410-418. [15989]
11. Ferguson, Robert B. 1983. Use of rosaceous shrubs for wildland plantings in the Intermountain West. In: Monsen, Stephen B.; Shaw, Nancy, compilers. Managing Intermountain rangelands--improvement of range and wildlife habitats; Proceedings of symposia; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 136-149. [915]
19. Hemstrom, Miles A.; Logan, Sheila E.; Pavlat, Warren. 1987. Plant association and management guide: Willamette National Forest. R6-Ecol 257-B-86. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 312 p. [13402]
27. Klinka, K.; Scagel, A. M.; Courtin, P. J. 1985. Vegetation relationships among some seral ecosystems in southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forestry. 15: 561-569. [5985]
37. Long, James N. 1977. Trends in plant species diversity associated with development in a series of Pseudotsuga menziesii/Gaultheria shallon stands. Northwest Science. 51(2): 119-130. [10152]

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Regeneration Processes

More info for the terms: adventitious, root crown, shrub

Douglas' spirea is a rhizomatous shrub that often forms dense colonies
[1,4,32]. It will sprout from the stem base and root crown following
disturbance [4,29]. In Washington following the May 18, 1980 volcanic
eruption of Mount St. Helens, Douglas' spirea showed extensive rhizome
development in the tephra (volcanic aerial ejecta) and contained one to
five adventitious roots per centimeter of stem 1 year after burial.
Maximum adventitious root length of Douglas' spirea was 3.6 inches (9
cm) [1].

Douglas' spirea produces small seeds that are probably dispersed via
animals and strong winds [40].

References:

40. Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1905 p. [6155]
4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
1. Antos, Joseph A.; Zobel, Donald B. 1985. Plant form, developmental plasticity and survival following burial by volcanic tephra. Canadian Journal of Botany. 63: 2083-2090. [12553]
29. Kovalchik, Bernard L. 1987. Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema National Forests. R6 ECOL TP-279-87. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 171 p. [9632]
32. Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Hopkins, William E.; Brunsfeld, Steven J. 1988. Major indicator shrubs and herbs in riparian zones on National Forests of central Oregon. R6-ECOL-TP-005-88. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 159 p. [8995]

Source:

License:

Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

More info for the term: phanerophyte

Phanerophyte

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Life Form

More info for the term: shrub

Shrub

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Immediate Effect of Fire

Douglas' spirea is probably topkilled by most fires and killed by
severe fires.

Source:

License:

Cyclicity

Phenology

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

In California Douglas' spirea flowers from June to September [40].

References:

40. Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1905 p. [6155]

Source:

License:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Spiraea douglasii

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1

Source:

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Barcode of Life Data Systems

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Source:

License:

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Reasons: Common to occasional in northwestern North America, with thousands of occurrences.

Source:

License:

USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information Service

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

Management

Management considerations

In Oregon Douglas' spirea is sensitive to trampling and soil compaction
[4,32]. The riparian lodgepole pine/Douglas' spirea/forb association
has been overgrazed in Oregon. Douglas' spirea may be eliminated with
continued overuse [29].

References:

4. Boggs, Keith; Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 217 p. Draft Version 1. [8447]
29. Kovalchik, Bernard L. 1987. Riparian zone associations: Deschutes, Ochoco, Fremont, and Winema National Forests. R6 ECOL TP-279-87. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 171 p. [9632]
32. Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Hopkins, William E.; Brunsfeld, Steven J. 1988. Major indicator shrubs and herbs in riparian zones on National Forests of central Oregon. R6-ECOL-TP-005-88. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 159 p. [8995]

Source:

License: