Rumex acetosa

Rumex acetosa L.:
Canada (North America)
Chile (South America)
Japan (Asia)
Kyrgyzstan (Asia)
Kazakhstan (Asia)
Mongolia (Asia)
Russian Federation (Asia)
South Korea (Asia)
United States (North America)
China (Asia)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

introduced; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld)., N.S., Ont., Que., Sask.; Alaska, Conn., Maine., Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.Y., Oreg., Pa., Vt.; Europe; nw Africa; Asia.

?Anhui, ?Fujian, ?Guangxi, ?Guizhou, Heilongjiang, ?Henan, Hubei, ?Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, ?Shaanxi, ?Shandong, ?Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, ?Zhejiang [Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia; Europe, North America].

Canada

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

Europe, W. Asia, Himalaya (Kashmir to Nepal), Tibet, Siberia, China, Japan, N. America.

Distribution: Europe except the Mediterranean, subarctic and temperate Asia, in the South at high elevation only, North America, Greenland. Occasionally as an alien elsewhere.

Plants perennial, glabrous or nearly so, with short and relatively thin, horizontal or slightly oblique rootstock (usually not reaching deep into substrate) and ± crowded 2d-order roots. Stems erect or rarely ascending, 1 to several from base, branched in distal 2 (in inflorescence), (25-)30-90(-110) cm. Leaves: ocrea normally laciniate; blade oblong-ovate, ovate-lanceolate, to lanceolate, 4-10(-15) × 1-4(-6) cm, normally more than 2.5 times as long as wide, base sagittate (with acute lobes directed downward, ± parallel to petiole), margins entire, normally flat, apex acute or subacute. Inflorescences terminal, occupying distal 3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted especially in proximal part, narrowly paniculate, cylindric (with 1st-order branches simple, or with few 2d-order branches). Pedicels articulated near middle, filiform, 2-5(-6) mm, articulation distinct. Flowers (2-)4-8(-10) in whorls; inner tepals orbiculate, occasionally broadly ovate, 3-4(-5) × 3-4 mm, base rounded or cordate, apex obtuse; tubercles small or occasionally absent. Achenes black to dark brown, 1.8-2.5 × 1.2-1.5 mm, shiny, smooth. 2n = 14 (pistillate plants), 15 (staminate plants).

2100-4100 m

Perennial. Stem erect, up to 120 cm high, leafy. Leaves hastate of variable size; basal leaves 2-4 times as long as broad, oblong-elliptic, with acute basal downwards directed lobes and long petioles; stem leaves upwards gradualy smaller and with shroter petioles, the uppermost sessile with clasping basal lobes. Taste of leaves sour. Panicle narrow, loose with non fasciculate simple or little divided branches. Flowers dioecious, arranged in few flowerd whorls. External perianth segments reflexed, appressed to the articulate pedicel. Valves suborbicular, 3-3.5 mm in diam., membranous, finely reticulate, with a small basal reflexed grain. Nut 1.8-2.2 mm long, dark brown.

Herbs perennial, dioecious, with a short and relatively thin horizontal or slightly oblique rootstock, usually not reaching deep into substrate and with rather crowded secondary roots. Stems erect, 40-100 cm tall, grooved, glabrous, usually simple. Basal leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, base sagittate, 3-12 × 2-4 cm, margin entire, apex acute, basal lobes acute at apices; cauline leaves small; petiole short or nearly absent; ocrea fugacious, white, membranous. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, lax; branches reddish green, slender, simple or with a few secondary branches. Flowers unisexual. Pedicel slender, articulate at middle. Male flowers: outer tepals erect, small; inner tepals elliptic, ca. 3 mm. Female flowers: outer tepals elliptic, reflexed in fruit; inner tepals enlarged in fruit; valves nearly orbicular (to broadly ovate), 3.5-4 mm in diam., with small recurved tubercles at base of valves, net veined, base cordate, margin entire, apex obtuse. Achenes blackish brown, shiny, ellipsoid, trigonous, ca. 2 mm. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 14*, 15*, 22*.

Acetosa pratensis Miller; Rumex acetosa subsp. pratensis (Miller) A. Blytt & O. C. Dahl

Acetosa pratensis Miller.

Waste places, meadows, cultivated fields, alluvial habitats; 0-1000m.

A fairly common species of moist areas especially on slopes and moist rocks, grows on higher altitudes between 2000-4500 m. Resembles with Rumex hastatus but differs by having herbaceous habit, small panicle and less freely branched stem.

Mountain slopes, forest margins, moist valleys; 400-4100 m.

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
colony of sporangium of Peronospora rumicis parasitises live Rumex acetosa ssp. acetosa

Foodplant / parasite
amphigenous telium of Puccinia acetosae parasitises live leaf of Rumex acetosa ssp. acetosa
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / gall
larva of Apion affine causes gall of inflorescence? of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Apion cruentatum feeds within root of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Apion curtirostre feeds within stem of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Apion violaceum feeds within stem of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / parasite
embedded sorus of Bauhinus stygius parasitises live leaf of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 6-9
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / saprobe
sometimes clumped apothecium of Crocicreas cyathoideum var. cacaliae is saprobic on dead stem of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 7-9

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / mobile cased feeder
larva of Cryptocephalus exiguus grazes in mobile case on tepal of fallen fruit of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: Other: uncertain

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Diaporthe pardalota is saprobic on dead stem of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 1-8

Foodplant / feeds on
apothecium of Hymenoscyphus rumicis feeds on fallen fruit of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 6-8

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pseudothecium of Keissleriella gallica is saprobic on dead, patchily blackened stem of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 7-8

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Phomopsis durandiana is saprobic on dead stem of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 5-8

Foodplant / spot causer
epiphyllous, gregarious pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph of Phyllosticta acetosae causes spots on live leaf of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / feeds on
pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph of Phyllosticta straminella feeds on Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / spot causer
clustered aecium of Puccinia phragmitis causes spots on live leaf of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph of Ramularia pratensis causes spots on live leaf of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 5-10

Foodplant / parasite
colony of Ramularia anamorph of Ramularia rubella parasitises live leaf of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 3-11

Foodplant / spot causer
numerous, crwoded, blackish, up to 1mm broad, emerging on both sides of leaf, but mainly above. pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph of Septoria acetosae causes spots on live leaf of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 7-9

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Uromyces acetosae parasitises live Rumex acetosa
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / pathogen
embedded sorus of Ustilago stygia infects and damages live inflorescence of Rumex acetosa

Foodplant / spot causer
immersed pseudothecium of Venturia rumicis causes spots on fading leaf of Rumex acetosa
Remarks: season: 11-7

Flowering spring-early summer.

Fl. Per.: July-September.

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 9
Specimens with Barcodes: 16
Species With Barcodes: 1

Rounded Global Status Rank: TNR - Not Yet Ranked

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: N4 - Apparently Secure

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked