Flavoparmelia caperata

 Thallus: adnate to loosely adnate, foliose, 5-20 cm in diam., sometimes forming extensive patches, irregularly lobate; lobes: subirregular, elongate, plane to subconvex, separate, 5-13 mm wide, contiguous to somewhat imbricate; apices rotund, crenate, eciliate; upper surface: yellow green to pale yellow, occasionally green-gray (in shade), smooth but becoming rugose and folded with age, dull to somewhat shiny; epruinose and emaculate; soredia: laminal, granular to wart-like, initially in circular soralia but becoming diffuse and confluent; isidia: absent; medulla: white with continuous algal layer; lower surface: black centrally, brown and naked peripherally; rhizines: dense to sparse centrally to edge of brown zone, black, simple, sometime brown or white tipped; Apothecia: rare, up to 8 mm wide, laminal, sessile; disc: brown; margin: smooth but sorediate sometimes; asci: clavate, 8-spored; ascospores: simple, ellipsoid, hyaline, 15-24 x 8-13 µm; Pycnidia: laminal, immersed; conidia: weakly bifusiform, 6 x 1 µm; Spot tests: upper cortex K-, C-, KC+ yellow, P-; medulla K-, C-, KC-, P+ red; Secondary metabolites: upper cortex with usnic acid (major) and atranorin (trace); medulla with protocetraric acid (major) and caperatic acid (minor).; Substrate and ecology: on broad leafed trees, shrubs and fence posts in open habitats, coastal to montane up to 2000m, rarely on rocks; World distribution: North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa; Sonoran distribution: common on oaks, particularly in coastal California and Baja California, occasionally in central Arizona southwards into the Sierra Madre Occidental of Sonora and Chihuahua. 

Canada

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Lichen / symbiont
apothecium of Abrothallus microspermus lives on/in thallus of Flavoparmelia caperata

Lichen / pathogen
clustered pycnidium of Lichenoconium coelomycetous anamorph of Lichenoconium erodens infects and damages bleached or necrosed thallus of Flavoparmelia caperata

Lichen / parasite
pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph of Phoma cytospora parasitises pale brownish thallus of Flavoparmelia caperata

Lichen / symbiont
pycnidium of Vouauxiomyces coelomycetous anamorph of Vouauxiomyces truncatus lives on/in Flavoparmelia caperata

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Reasons: This lichen species inhabits trees and old wood, and sometimes rocks in open wood and roadsides. It occurs across most of the eastern United States and southern Canada. In West Virginia this species has been collected in all counties (Flenniken 1999).