Cystopteris fragilis

Fragile Fern

Flickr photo 'Fragile-Fern-sori' by: homeredwardprice.

Flickr photo 'Fragile-Fern' by: homeredwardprice.

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Species group: Plants

Data Sources

Classification

Kingdom:

Plantae

Phylum:

Filicinophyta

Class:

Filicopsida

Order:

Filicales

Family:

Dryopteridaceae

Genus:

Cystopteris

Encyclopedia of Life

For more info, visit:

Source:
http://eol.org/pages/37682122/details

Distribution
Morphology
Diagnostic Description
Habitat
Associations
Molecular Biology
Conservation Status

Distribution

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris dickieana R. Sim:
Canada (North America)
United States (North America)
China (Asia)
Russian Federation (Asia)
India (Asia)
Nepal (Asia)
Pakistan (Asia)
Greenland (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Lellinger, D. B. 1985. A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern Allies of the United States and Canada. 389 pp.
Tolmatchev, A. I. 1960. Arktic. Fl. SSSR 1:1–102.
Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1988-2013. Fl. China Unpaginated. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Polypodium fragile Baker:
Madagascar (Africa & Madagascar)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Metathelypteris fragilis (Baker) Holttum:
São Tomé and Príncipe (Africa & Madagascar)
Madagascar (Africa & Madagascar)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Holttum, R. E. 1974. Thelypteridaceae from Africa and adjacent islands. J. S. African Bot. 40(2): 123–168.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris orientalis Desv.:
India (Asia)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris dentata (Sw.) Desv.:
Bolivia (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Foster, R. C. 1958. A catalogue of the ferns and flowering plants of Bolivia. Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 1–223.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris translucens Desv.:
Peru (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Athyrium fumarioides C. Presl:
Peru (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris acuta Fée:
Mexico (Mesoamerica)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Aspidium fragile var. fumarioides M. Martens & Galeotti:
Mexico (Mesoamerica)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Athyrium fragile Tardieu:
Taiwan (Asia)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Polypodium dentatum Baker:
Ecuador (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.
Sodiro, L. 1893. Crypt. Vasc. Quit. 1–656. Typis Universitatis, Quito.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris fragilis var. apiiformis C. Chr.:
Chile (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris diaphana (Bory) Blasdell:
Chile (South America)
Bolivia (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
González, J. A., G. J. Scrocchi & E. O. Lavilla. 1999. Relevamiento de la biodiversidad de la reserva nacional de flora y fauna Tariquía (Tarija, Bolivia). Ser. Conserv. Natur. 14: 7–134.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris fragilis subsp. dickieana (R. Sim) Hyl.:
Canada (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Moss, E. H. 1983. Fl. Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh.:
Afghanistan (Asia)
Argentina (South America)
Bolivia (South America)
Brazil (South America)
Ecuador (South America)
Chile (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
Madagascar (Africa & Madagascar)
Gabon (Africa & Madagascar)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Panama (Mesoamerica)
Venezuela (South America)
Iceland (Europe)
Greenland (North America)
Nicaragua (Mesoamerica)
Mongolia (Asia)
India (Asia)
Sri Lanka (Asia)
Russian Federation (Asia)
Pakistan (Asia)
Japan (Asia)
Peru (South America)
Canada (North America)
South Africa (Africa & Madagascar)
Caribbean (Caribbean)
China (Asia)
United States (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

References:

Foster, R. C. 1958. A catalogue of the ferns and flowering plants of Bolivia. Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 1–223.
ORSTOM. 1988. List Vasc. Pl. Gabon Herbier National du Gabon, Yaounde.
Serrano, M. & J. Teran. 2000. Identific. Esp. Veg. Chuquisaca 1–129. PLAFOR, Intercooperación, Fundación Ceibo, Sucre.
Nelson, C. 1977. Plantas Nuevas para la Flora de Honduras. Ceiba 21(1): 51–55.
Lellinger, D. B. 1985. A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern Allies of the United States and Canada. 389 pp.
Small, J. K. 1938. Ferns of the Southeastern States. 517 pp.
Pfeiffer-Berendsohn, B. 1989. Pteridophyta in: Listado Basico de la Flora Salvadorensis. Cuscatlania 1: 1–28.
Sodiro, L. 1893. Crypt. Vasc. Quit. 1–656. Typis Universitatis, Quito.
Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The Pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 1–1054.
Mickel, J. T. & J. M. Beitel. 1988. Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 1–568.
Kessler, M., T. Krömer & I. Jiménez. 2000. Inventario de grupos selectos de plantas en el valle de Masicurí (Santa Cruz--Bolivia). Revista Boliviana Ecol. Cons. Amb. 8: 3–15.
Taylor, T. M. C. 1970. Pacific Northwest Ferns and Their Allies. 247 pp.
Kessler, M., A. R. Smith & J. G. R. 1999. Inventory of pteridophytes on an elevational transect in Carrasco National Park, Dpto. Cochabamba, Bolivia. Revista Soc. Boliv. Bot. 2(2): 227–250.
Tardieu-Blot, M. L. 1958. Athyriacees. Fl. Madagasc. 5(8): 248–269.
Smith, A. R. 1981. Pteridophytes. 2: 1–370. In D. E. Breedlove Fl. Chiapas. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.
Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. Welman, E. Reitief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. v. Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2).
Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. N. S. Stapf. 2004. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Panamá 1–599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama.
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181.
Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246.
Wiggins, I. L. & D. M. Porter. 1971. Fl. Galápagos Isl. i–xx, 1–998. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Luteyn, J. L. 1999. Páramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 84: viii–xv, 1–278.
Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1988-2013. Fl. China Unpaginated. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & S. Knapp. (eds.) 1995. Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 1: i–xxi, 1–470.
Stolze, R. G. 1981. Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala. Part II. Polypodiaceae. Fieldiana, Bot., n.s. 6: 1–522.
Stolze, R. G., L. Pacheco & B. Øllgaard. 1994. Polypodiaceae---Dryopteridoidea---Physematieae. In: Harling & L. Andersson (eds.). 49: 1–108. In G. W. Harling & B. B. Sparre (eds.) Fl. Ecuador. University of Göteborg and Swedish Museum of Natural history, Göteborg and Stockholm.
Hokche, O., P. E. Berry & O. Huber. 2008. 1–860. In O. Hokche, P. E. Berry & O. Huber Nuevo Cat. Fl. Vasc. Venezuela. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, Caracas.
Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., R. D. C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. 2011. Flora de Antioquia. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares, vol. 2. Listado de las Plantas Vasculares del Departamento de Antioquia. Pp. 1-939.
García-Mendoza, A. J. & J. Meave del Castillo. 2011. Divers. Florist. Oaxaca 1–351. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA

Distribution

Greenland; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Calif., Colo., Conn., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Vt., Wash., Wis., Wyo.; worldwide.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA

National Distribution

Canada

Origin: Native

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

Source:

NatureServe

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

Morphology

Description

Stems creeping, not cordlike, internodes short, beset with old petiole bases, hairs absent; scales tan to light brown, lanceolate, radial walls thin, luminae tan. Leaves monomorphic, clustered at stem apex, to 40 cm, nearly all bearing sori. Petiole dark at base, mostly green to straw-colored distally, shorter than or nearly equaling blade, base sparsely scaly. Blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 1(--2)-pinnate-pinnatifid, widest at or just below middle, apex acute; rachis and costae lacking gland-tipped hairs or bulblets; axils of pinnae lacking multicellular, gland-tipped hairs. Pinnae usually perpendicular to rachis, not curving toward blade apex, margins serrate to sharply dentate; proximal pinnae pinnatifid to pinnate-pinnatifid, ± equilateral, basiscopic pinnules not enlarged; basal basiscopic pinnules sessile, base truncate to obtuse, distal pinnae deltate to ovate. Veins directed mostly into teeth. Indusia ovate to lanceolate, without gland-tipped hairs. Spores spiny or verrucate, usually 39--60 µm. 2 n = 168, 252.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA

Diagnostic Description

Synonym

Polypodium fragile Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1091. 1753; Cystopteris dickieana Sim; C. fragilis subsp. dickieana (Sim) Hylander

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA

Habitat

Sporulating summer--fall. Mostly on cliff faces, also in thin soil over rock; 0--4500m.

Source:

Missouri Botanical Garden

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA

Associations

Foodplant / parasite
hypophyllous, scattered uredium of Hyalopsora polypodii parasitises live frond of Cystopteris fragilis

Source:

BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK)

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Rights Holder:

BioImages

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Cystopteris fragilis

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

Source:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Barcode of Life Data Systems

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Cystopteris fragilis

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 5
Specimens with Barcodes: 19
Species With Barcodes: 1

Source:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Rights Holder:

Barcode of Life Data Systems

Conservation Status

NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Source:

NatureServe

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: N5 - Secure

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Source:

NatureServe

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

Rights Holder:

NatureServe

NatureServe Explorer

Source:
ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.133463

Classification

Other Global Common Names:

brittle bladderfern - cystoptère fragile

Synonyms:

Taxonomy:

Informal Taxonomy:

Plants, Vascular - Ferns and relatives

Formal Taxonomy:

Plantae - Filicinophyta - Filicopsida - Filicales - Dryopteridaceae - Cystopteris

Ecology and Life History

Short General Description:

Description:

Habitat Type Description:

Migration:

Non-migrant:

Locally Migrant:

Food Comments:

Phenologies:

Reproduction Comments:

Ecology Comments:

Length:

Unit of Length:

Weight:

Unit of Weight:

Conservation Status

NatureServe Conservation Status:

NatureServe Global Status Rank:

Global Status Last Reviewed:

1984-04-05

Global Status Last Changed:

1984-04-05

Other Status:

Distribution

Conservation Status Map:

Global Range:

Global Range Description:

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Cystopteris fragilis

Fragile Fern

Data Sources

Table of Contents

Distribution

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

Distribution

National Distribution

Canada

United States

Morphology

Description

Diagnostic Description

Synonym

Habitat

Habitat

Associations

Associations

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Cystopteris fragilis

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Cystopteris fragilis

Conservation Status

NatureServe Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

United States

NatureServe Explorer

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